What is CARO?
Sec 143(11) of the Companies Act, 2003 requires that the auditor’s report of specified companies should include a statement on the prescribed matters. These reporting requirements have been prescribed under the Companies(Auditor’s Report) Order, 2016.
Latest Update
- ICAI has officially announced that the CARO 2016 is applicable to the CA exam which will be held in November 2021 Also, it said, “This is to bring to the attention of the students that Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2016 issued by Ministry of Corporate Affairs would be applicable for the IPCC (Opted out), Intermediate, Final (Old – Opted out ) and Final (New) examinations.”
CARO 2016 Applicability:
It shall apply to every company including a foreign company as defined in clause (42) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013) [hereinafter referred to as the Companies Act], except–
- a banking company as per clause (c) of section 5 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (10 of 1949);
- an insurance company as per the Insurance Act,1938 (4 of 1938);
- a company licensed to operate under section 8 of the Companies Act;
- a One Person Company as per clause (62) of section 2 of the Companies Act and a small company as defined under clause (85) of section 2 of the Companies Act; and
- a private limited company, not being a subsidiary or holding company of a public company, having a paid-up capital and reserves and surplus not more than rupees one crore as on the balance sheet date and which does not have total borrowings exceeding rupees one crore from any bank or financial institution at any point of time during the financial year and which does not have a total revenue as disclosed in Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 (including revenue from discontinuing operations) exceeding rupees ten crore during the financial year as per the financial statements.
What are the matters that are required to be included in the Auditor’s Report?
Fixed Assets, Clause 3(i):
The following matters should be included in the Auditor’s Report relating to the Fixed Assets of the company:
- Proper Records: Whether the company is maintaining proper records, including quantitative details and the situation of the fixed assets.
- Physical Verification: Whether such assets have been physically verified by the management at reasonable intervals. Such intervals may vary from asset to asset. Whether any discrepancies came to the notice on the verification, and if so whether the same have properly dealt with in the books of the accounts.
- Title Deeds: Whether the title deeds of the immovable property are in the name of the company. If not, provide the details, thereof;
Inventory, Clause 3(ii):
The following matters should be included in the Auditor’s report relating to the Inventory of the company:
- Whether physical verification of the inventory has been made at regular intervals by the management, and during such verification if any material discrepancies were noticed whether the same have been properly accounted for.
The loan is given by the company, Clause 3(iii):
Whether the company has granted any loans(secured or unsecured) to companies, firms, Limited Liability Partnership(LLP) or other parties covered under sec 189 of the Companies Act. 2013.
- Whether the terms and conditions of the grant of loans are not prejudicial to the interest of the company.
- Regular recovery: Whether the repayments are regular and within the stipulation.
- Steps of recovery: Whether the amount that is overdue for more than 90 days has been reported and reasonable steps have been taken by the company to recover the amount.
Loans and Investments, Clause 3(iv):
In respect of loans, investments and guarantees, whether the provision of sec 185 and 186 have been complied with, and if not whether details are provided thereof.
Deposits, Clause 3(v):
In case the company has accepted any deposits, whether the following points have been taken care of :
- Directives issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
- Provisions under sections 73 to 76
- Orders passed by CLB, NCLT, RBI or any other court or tribunal.
Reasons for contraventions should be stated if any of the above is not complied with.
Cost Records, Clause 3(vi):
Whether the Cost records under sec 148(I) of the Companies Act, 2013 have been made and maintained
Statutory Dues Clause 3(vii):
The following points should be reported for statutory dues and disputes of taxes and duties:
(i) Statutory Dues For More Than 6 months:
Whether the company is regular in depositing undisputed statutory dues with the appropriate authorities like:
- Provident fund
- ESI
- Income Tax
- Sales Tax
- Service Tax
- Duty of Customs
- Duty of Excise
- Value Added Tax, etc
If the company is not regular in depositing these Statutory dues, the extent of the arrears on the last day of the financial year concerned for the period of more than 6 months from the date they are payable, shall be reported.
(ii) Disputes for taxes and duty:
In case of dues of Income or Sales Tax, value-added tax and services tax have not been deposited on account of any dispute, then the amount involved and the nature of the tax should be mentioned.
Repayment of Loans, Clause 3(viii):
Whether the company has defaulted in repayment of loans or borrowings to financial institutions, banks, or to the Government or debenture holder if so the amount should be reported along with lender-wide details.
Utilization of IPO and other Public Offer, Clause 3(ix):
Whether money raised by the company through IPO or other public offers (including debt) was applied for the purpose they were raised if not details altogether with the default should be stated.
Stating Of Fraud, Clause 3(x):
Whether any fraud by the company or any fraud on the company by its officers or employees has been noticed during the financial year,. If yes amount and nature of such fraud should be stated.
Approval of Managerial Remuneration, Clause 3(xi):
Whether managerial remuneration has been paid or provided in accordance with the requisite approvals as per the provisions of section 197 of the Companies Act,2013. If not state the amount involved and steps were taken by the company to secure the refund of the amount.
Nidhi Company, Clause 3(xii):
Whether the Nidhi company has complied with the Net Owned Funds to Deposits in the Ratio 1:20 to meet the liability and whether these companies are maintaining 10 % unencumbered term deposits as specified in the Nidhi Rules,2014 to meet the liability.
Related Party Transactions, Clause 3(xiii):
Whether all the transactions with the related parties are in compliance with sections 177 and 188 of the Companies Act 2013 and details have been disclosed in the financial statements as required by applicable accounting standards.
Private Placement or Preferential Issues, Clause (xiv):
Whether the company has made any preferential allotment or private placement of shares or fully or partly convertible debentures during the year, if so whether the requirement of sec 42 has been complied with and amount raised has been used for the purpose for which it was raised. If not state the deviations.
Non-Cash Transactions, Clause 3(xv):
Whether the company has entered into any non-cash transactions with the directors or the persons connected with him if so whether they are in compliance with sec 192, of the Companies Act 2013. If not state the non-compliance.
Register Under RBI Act 1934, Clause 3(xvi):
Whether the company is required to be registered under the sec 45-IA of the Reserve Bank of India, 1934. And if yes whether the registration has been obtained or not.
ICAI’s Guidance Note on CARO 2016 by MCA
CARO, 2016 or Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2016 has been released by MCA. The CARO 2016 is applicable for audits of financial statements for the periods starting from or after April 1, 2015. This order comprises some new/modified reporting requirements regarding CARO 2003/ CARO 2015.
The ICAI for providing proper guidance to its members has induced Guidance Note on the CARO 2016. The same is divided into:
- The relevant provision requiring all clauses
- Audit process and reporting which covers the process that needs to be adopted by an auditor
The ICAI’s Guidance Note has 9is written in an easy-to-understand language and also provides detailed guidance about the various clauses of CARO 2016 and the various issues and complexities involved in it. so that the requirements and expectations of the Order can be fulfilled in letter and spirit by the auditors. It’s a comprehensive and self-contained reference document for the members.
So that the requirements and expectations of orders can be adhered by the auditors in the journals. It is a broad and self-contained reference document for members.
Difference Between CARO 2015 & CARO 2016
